I haven’t seen anything regarding how the communications operations are done to the Mars lander etc as well as some of the flights to/from ISS etc.

Is there a list of frequencies or are they Confidential to prevent jamming etc? Are they encrypted?

How do the comms to the Mars rover work? Are the signals relayed via satellites to/from earth? Is it even possible for us to hear the signals with our LEO setups?

With all the upcoming space related activity it seems there will be some exciting opportunities for us to at minimum to listen to some of it.

Thanks!

Mike N7ASZ